What are Kidney Stones?

Description of the disease

Kidney stones, or nephrolithiasis, is a condition characterized by the formation of solid deposits in the kidneys. These stones can be of different sizes and types and can cause various symptoms and complications.

Classification

• Oxalate stones;
• Phosphate stones;
• Uric acid stones;
• Cystine stones.

Symptoms

Symptoms of kidney stones may include pain in the lower back, pain in the lower abdomen, blood in the urine, frequent urination, nausea and vomiting. In some cases, stones can pass unnoticed without symptoms.

Causes

The causes of kidney stone formation can be diverse, including metabolic disorders, dehydration, genetic factors, and certain medications.

Diagnosis

For the diagnosis of kidney stones, ultrasound of the kidneys, X-rays of the kidneys, computed tomography, and urine analysis are used.

Treatment

Treatment of kidney stones may include dietary control, increased fluid intake, medication, and in some cases, surgical removal of the stones.

Prevention

Prevention of kidney stones includes abundant drinking, following a specific diet, regular physical exercise, and avoiding prolonged use of certain medications.

Doctor

The disease is treated by a urologist. If symptoms are detected, it is important to consult a specialist for diagnosis and treatment.