What is Melanoma?

Description of the disease

Melanoma is a malignant tumor that develops from melanocytes, cells that produce the pigment melanin. It can occur in the skin, mucous membranes, or eyes.

Classification

• Surface spreading melanoma
• Nodular melanoma
• Lentigo maligna melanoma

Symptoms

• New growth or change in an existing mole
• Rich black, brown, red, or blue color
• Irregular shape

Causes

The main causes of melanoma are exposure to ultraviolet radiation, genetic predisposition, a weakened immune system, and environmental factors.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of melanoma involves dermatoscopy, biopsy, and various educational programs for patient self-examination.

Treatment

Treatment of melanoma includes surgical removal of the tumor, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy.

Prevention

Prevention of melanoma includes protection from ultraviolet radiation, regular self-examination of the skin, visiting a dermatologist, and timely removal of moles or new growths.

Doctor

To diagnose and treat melanoma, it is necessary to consult a dermatologist or oncologist.