What is Meningitis?

Description of the Disease

Meningitis is inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, caused by various pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms. It is a serious condition that can lead to severe consequences, including disability and death.

Classification

• Bacterial meningitis
• Viral meningitis
• Fungal meningitis
• Parasitic meningitis

Symptoms

• High fever
• Headache
• Vomiting
• Stiff neck
• Seizures

Causes

Meningitis can be caused by various pathogens, such as bacteria (e.g. meningococci), viruses (e.g. enteroviruses), and other microorganisms. It can also develop as a complication of other infections or as a result of trauma.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of meningitis includes laboratory tests (e.g. cerebrospinal fluid analysis) and imaging studies (e.g. magnetic resonance imaging).

Treatment

Treatment of meningitis depends on its type and causative agent. It may include the use of antibiotics, antiviral drugs, antifungal agents, as well as symptomatic therapy to relieve symptoms.

Prevention

Prevention of meningitis includes vaccination (e.g. against meningococcal infection), observing hygiene measures, avoiding contact with the sick, as well as timely treatment of other infections.

Doctor

If meningitis is suspected, it is necessary to consult a neurologist or infectious disease specialist for examination and treatment.