What is Narcolepsy?

Description of the Disease

Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by the disturbance of sleep and wake cycles regulation. Patients with narcolepsy experience sudden daytime sleepiness and cataplexy - a sudden loss of muscle tone, often triggered by strong emotions.

Classification

• Narcolepsy with cataplexy
• Narcolepsy without cataplexy
• Isolated cataplexy
• Narcolepsy with sleep paralysis

Symptoms

• Sudden daytime sleepiness
• Cataplexy (loss of muscle tone)
• Hallucinations when falling asleep or waking up
• Sleep disturbances

Causes

The exact causes of narcolepsy are unknown, but it is believed that genetic, immunological, and environmental factors play a role.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of narcolepsy is usually made by a neurologist based on symptoms, medical history, and special tests such as polysomnography and multiple sleep latency tests.

Treatment

Treatment of narcolepsy includes pharmacotherapy, lifestyle adjustments, psychotherapy, and recommendations for changes in daily routine.

Prevention

Since the causes of narcolepsy are unknown, there is no specific prevention. However, a healthy lifestyle, balanced diet, and regular sleep can help maintain overall health.

Doctor

Narcolepsy is treated by a neurologist. If narcolepsy is suspected, it is important to seek medical attention for diagnosis and treatment.